Metamaterial Breaks Thermal Symmetry, Enables One-Way Heat Emission

Tech-news energy_harvesting, heat_flow, kirchhoff’s law, magneto-optical, metamaterial breaks thermal symmetry enables one-way heat emission metamaterials, nonreciprocity, physics_breakthrough, semiconductor, thermophotovoltaics July 4, 2025

Researchers have found that a metamaterial, a stack of InGaAs semiconductor layers, can emit significantly more mid-infrared radiation than it absorbs. When this sample was heated (~540 K) in a 5-tesla magnetic field, it exhibited a record nonreciprocity of 0.43 (about twice the previous best). In other words, it strongly violates Kirchhoff’s law and forces heat to flow one way. This demonstration of strong nonreciprocal thermal emission could enable devices like one-way thermal diodes and improve technologies like solar thermophotovoltaics and heat management.

According to the published study, the new device is made from five ultra-thin layers of a semiconductor called indium gallium arsenide, each 440 nanometers thick. The layers were gradually doped with more electrons as they went deeper and were placed on a silicon base. The researchers then heated the material to about 512°F and applied a strong magnetic field of 5 teslas. Under these conditions, the material emitted 43% more infrared light in one direction than it absorbed—a strong sign of nonreciprocity. This effect was about twice as strong as in earlier studies and worked across many angles and infrared wavelengths (13 to 23 microns).

By providing a one-way flow of heat, the metamaterial would serve as a thermal transistor or diode. It could enhance solar thermophotovoltaics by sending waste heat to energy-harvesting cells and aid in controlling heat in sensing and electronics. It has potential implications for energy harvesting, thermal control, and new heat devices

Challenging Thermal Symmetry

Kirchhoff’s law of thermal radiation (1860) states that at thermal equilibrium, a material’s emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength and angle. Practically, this reciprocity means a surface that strongly emits infrared will absorb it equally well.

Breaking this symmetry requires violating time-reversal symmetry, such as by applying a magnetic field to a magneto-optical material. For example, a 2023 study showed that a single layer of indium arsenide (InAs) in a ~1 T magnetic field could produce nonreciprocal thermal emission. However, that effect was extremely weak and worked only at specific wavelengths and angles. Till now, magneto-optical designs have achieved only tiny emission–absorption imbalances under very restrictive conditions. The new achievement demonstrates that man-made materials can produce one-way thermal emitters.

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Tag energy_harvesting heat_flow kirchhoff’s law magneto-optical metamaterial breaks thermal symmetry enables one-way heat emission metamaterials nonreciprocity physics_breakthrough semiconductor thermophotovoltaics

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“There’s only been one Blade. There’s only ever gonna be one Blade.” When Wesley Snipes spoke those lines in 2024’s Deadpool & Wolverine, audiences cackled. Sure, Deadpool and the characters around him love to make self-referential jokes, but something about Snipes—playing Blade for the first time since 2004’s Blade: Trinity—delivering the joke hit extra hard.

Comic-book movie lovers know, of course, that Marvel announced a Blade reboot starring Mahershala Ali all the way back in 2019. It’s had a stop-and-start progression since then and slowly became a bit of a punchline, with many fans coming to believe it would never actually happen.

It’s not unheard of in Hollywood that a movie gets announced, then never actually goes into production. But it is unusual when a high-profile Marvel project starring a two-time Oscar winner that was trumpeted from the Hall H stage at San Diego Comic-Con gets quietly shoved to the bottom of the TBD list.

However, Marvel hadn’t made any statement putting Blade to rest until very recently, when Happy Sad Confused podcast host Josh Horowitz came right out and asked Marvel head Kevin Feige for an update on the status of Blade. Horowitz shared the clip in an Instagram reel you can watch here, but this is what they said:

“How much time in therapy have you spent talking about Blade?” Horowitz joked to Feige. “This poor project. We just need to get this done, Kevin … We all want it. Mahershala wants it. How are you feeling at this moment?”

Feige replied, “I’m feeling very excited that we got Wesley back for a time in Deadpool & Wolverine and like a gigantic loser and a failure that we didn’t get off the ground with Mahershala.”

So he doesn’t say there will never, ever be a new Blade film, no matter what Deadpool & Wolverine would have us believe. But it sure sounds like the Mahershala Ali Blade movie is no longer in play.

Horowitz also asked if there’s a chance Secret Wars could be two films (no), if Doomsday is sticking to its release date (yes), and what the MCU will look like after Secret Wars arrives in late 2027. “I look to the comics as I always do in terms of our storytelling,” Feige said, after noting he doesn’t consider Secret Wars to be a reboot. “And after both the Secret Wars, but particularly the [Jonathan] Hickman Secret Wars from 10 years ago, there’s a nice road map to where we can go.”

Horowitz also asked if any actors have signed on for X-Men characters that we don’t know about yet, and Feige said, with supreme vagueness, “Not necessarily.”

Perhaps we’ll learn more about that when Marvel’s Hall H panel happens this weekend at San Diego Comic-Con. Marvel didn’t hold its traditional Saturday night panel in 2025, so Feige and company have some catching up to do.

Want more io9 news? Check out when to expect the latest Marvel, Star Wars, and Star Trek releases, what’s next for the DC Universe on film and TV, and everything you need to know about the future of Doctor Who.

#Kevin #Feige #Finally #Admitted #Blade #Isnt #HappeningBlade,Kevin Feige,Marvel">

mwasimuddin125 0

“There’s only been one Blade. There’s only ever gonna be one Blade.” When Wesley Snipes spoke those lines in 2024’s Deadpool & Wolverine, audiences cackled. Sure, Deadpool and the characters around him love to make self-referential jokes, but something about Snipes—playing Blade for the first time since 2004’s Blade: Trinity—delivering the joke hit extra hard.

Comic-book movie lovers know, of course, that Marvel announced a Blade reboot starring Mahershala Ali all the way back in 2019. It’s had a stop-and-start progression since then and slowly became a bit of a punchline, with many fans coming to believe it would never actually happen.

It’s not unheard of in Hollywood that a movie gets announced, then never actually goes into production. But it is unusual when a high-profile Marvel project starring a two-time Oscar winner that was trumpeted from the Hall H stage at San Diego Comic-Con gets quietly shoved to the bottom of the TBD list.

However, Marvel hadn’t made any statement putting Blade to rest until very recently, when Happy Sad Confused podcast host Josh Horowitz came right out and asked Marvel head Kevin Feige for an update on the status of Blade. Horowitz shared the clip in an Instagram reel you can watch here, but this is what they said:

“How much time in therapy have you spent talking about Blade?” Horowitz joked to Feige. “This poor project. We just need to get this done, Kevin … We all want it. Mahershala wants it. How are you feeling at this moment?”

Feige replied, “I’m feeling very excited that we got Wesley back for a time in Deadpool & Wolverine and like a gigantic loser and a failure that we didn’t get off the ground with Mahershala.”

So he doesn’t say there will never, ever be a new Blade film, no matter what Deadpool & Wolverine would have us believe. But it sure sounds like the Mahershala Ali Blade movie is no longer in play.

Horowitz also asked if there’s a chance Secret Wars could be two films (no), if Doomsday is sticking to its release date (yes), and what the MCU will look like after Secret Wars arrives in late 2027. “I look to the comics as I always do in terms of our storytelling,” Feige said, after noting he doesn’t consider Secret Wars to be a reboot. “And after both the Secret Wars, but particularly the [Jonathan] Hickman Secret Wars from 10 years ago, there’s a nice road map to where we can go.”

Horowitz also asked if any actors have signed on for X-Men characters that we don’t know about yet, and Feige said, with supreme vagueness, “Not necessarily.”

Perhaps we’ll learn more about that when Marvel’s Hall H panel happens this weekend at San Diego Comic-Con. Marvel didn’t hold its traditional Saturday night panel in 2025, so Feige and company have some catching up to do.

Want more io9 news? Check out when to expect the latest Marvel, Star Wars, and Star Trek releases, what’s next for the DC Universe on film and TV, and everything you need to know about the future of Doctor Who.

#Kevin #Feige #Finally #Admitted #Blade #Isnt #HappeningBlade,Kevin Feige,Marvel">Kevin Feige Has Finally Admitted ‘Blade’ Probably Isn’t Happening

“There’s only been one Blade. There’s only ever gonna be one Blade.” When Wesley Snipes spoke those lines in 2024’s Deadpool & Wolverine, audiences cackled. Sure, Deadpool and the characters around him love to make self-referential jokes, but something about Snipes—playing Blade for the first time since 2004’s Blade: Trinity—delivering the joke hit extra hard.

Comic-book movie lovers know, of course, that Marvel announced a Blade reboot starring Mahershala Ali all the way back in 2019. It’s had a stop-and-start progression since then and slowly became a bit of a punchline, with many fans coming to believe it would never actually happen.

It’s not unheard of in Hollywood that a movie gets announced, then never actually goes into production. But it is unusual when a high-profile Marvel project starring a two-time Oscar winner that was trumpeted from the Hall H stage at San Diego Comic-Con gets quietly shoved to the bottom of the TBD list.

However, Marvel hadn’t made any statement putting Blade to rest until very recently, when Happy Sad Confused podcast host Josh Horowitz came right out and asked Marvel head Kevin Feige for an update on the status of Blade. Horowitz shared the clip in an Instagram reel you can watch here, but this is what they said:

“How much time in therapy have you spent talking about Blade?” Horowitz joked to Feige. “This poor project. We just need to get this done, Kevin … We all want it. Mahershala wants it. How are you feeling at this moment?”

Feige replied, “I’m feeling very excited that we got Wesley back for a time in Deadpool & Wolverine and like a gigantic loser and a failure that we didn’t get off the ground with Mahershala.”

So he doesn’t say there will never, ever be a new Blade film, no matter what Deadpool & Wolverine would have us believe. But it sure sounds like the Mahershala Ali Blade movie is no longer in play.

Horowitz also asked if there’s a chance Secret Wars could be two films (no), if Doomsday is sticking to its release date (yes), and what the MCU will look like after Secret Wars arrives in late 2027. “I look to the comics as I always do in terms of our storytelling,” Feige said, after noting he doesn’t consider Secret Wars to be a reboot. “And after both the Secret Wars, but particularly the [Jonathan] Hickman Secret Wars from 10 years ago, there’s a nice road map to where we can go.”

Horowitz also asked if any actors have signed on for X-Men characters that we don’t know about yet, and Feige said, with supreme vagueness, “Not necessarily.”

Perhaps we’ll learn more about that when Marvel’s Hall H panel happens this weekend at San Diego Comic-Con. Marvel didn’t hold its traditional Saturday night panel in 2025, so Feige and company have some catching up to do.

Want more io9 news? Check out when to expect the latest Marvel, Star Wars, and Star Trek releases, what’s next for the DC Universe on film and TV, and everything you need to know about the future of Doctor Who.

#Kevin #Feige #Finally #Admitted #Blade #Isnt #HappeningBlade,Kevin Feige,Marvel

Image may contain: Plant, Tree, Home Damage, and Termite Damage

Image may contain: Agaric, Amanita, Fungus, Mushroom, and Plant

#Year #Growing #Mushrooms #Badlyapocalypse wow,food and drink,biology">

mwasimuddin125 0

Mushroom hunting is cool and fun, but you know what’s not cool and fun? Having slugs or other mushroom hunters discover your secret spot. Or, worst of all, accidentally collecting the wrong kind of mushroom that could make you quite sick—or worse.
Ideally, you’d be able to grow your favorite kind of mushrooms safely in your own home or yard, whether that’s shiitakes, morels, or lion’s manes, just like you would vegetables. But like many gardening-adjacent pursuits, it’s not that simple. Mushrooms, like all fungi, need just three things to grow: spores, a food source, and a humid environment.
However, because mushrooms are incredibly sensitive to light, heat, and contamination, it doesn’t take much to create a prohibitive growing environment. And then there’s the question of whether it’s possible to simulate the critical symbiotic relationships that many mushrooms, especially more coveted ones like porcinis and chanterelles, must maintain with tree roots to thrive.
I am far from a mycology expert, but during the past year, I, a busy full-time-working parent, have engaged in five different attempts to grow mushrooms in my house and backyard: shiitakes on an inoculated log, oysters on a cardboard-enclosed fruiting block, wine caps in spawn buried in bark chips in my garden, oysters from grain spawn in a bucket, and oysters and lion’s manes in a monotub setup.
I laughed, I cried, I made an epic mess of chopped straw in my bathroom, and only two of the five methods succeeded. If you, too, are mushroom-curious and looking to grow your own, here’s what I did—and, in some cases, wish I had done differently.
Also, be sure to check out our guides to mushroom supplements (the functional kind), mushroom gummies, indoor gardening systems, and mushroom gifts.
Which Will Prevail?
Method 1: Mushroom Log
Williams Sonoma Mushroom Log Kit
Read more
Method 2: Spray-and-Grow Box
Back to the Roots Organic Mini Mushroom Growing Kit
Read more
Method 3: Spawn in the Garden
North Spore Organic Wine Cap Mushroom Sawdust Spawn
Read more
Method 4: Fruiting Blocks in a Monotub
North Spore Boomr Bin Automated Mushroom Monotub
Read more

Method 1: Mushroom Log

Williams Sonoma

Mushroom Log Kit

There’s nothing more natural, simple, and affordable than a mushroom log. Many mushroom logs available for purchase are meant exclusively for outdoor use, as they’re just plain old logs with sealed holes full of colonized mushroom spawn. But this 12-inch-tall option from Williams Sonoma is meant for indoor display (though you can also place it outside if you’d prefer), with smooth waxed ends and a rustic metal tag printed with its creation date.

Soak it for 24 hours and—theoretically—you’ll have mushrooms pinning in about 30 days. Even though oyster mushrooms are the easiest variety to grow, for reasons known only to me at the time, I chose a shiitake log, which came with a piece of paper identifying it as a “younger log.” This means the spawn was still in the process of colonizing and should fruit seven to nine months from the date stamped on its tag, which was December 2025. I soaked the log in mid-May and again in early July, but I’m still waiting to see any pins. Williams Sonoma says the log is guaranteed to fruit, so it continues to sit on my dining room table, in a saucer full of water, tented with a plastic produce bag. Some green mold has started to appear on the top, but I remain optimistic, even though this is not my first shiitake mushroom log failure (I tried to grow one from a different brand some years ago, outside under a bush).

#Year #Growing #Mushrooms #Badlyapocalypse wow,food and drink,biology">My Year of Growing Mushrooms Badly

Mushroom hunting is cool and fun, but you know what’s not cool and fun? Having slugs or other mushroom hunters discover your secret spot. Or, worst of all, accidentally collecting the wrong kind of mushroom that could make you quite sick—or worse.

Ideally, you’d be able to grow your favorite kind of mushrooms safely in your own home or yard, whether that’s shiitakes, morels, or lion’s manes, just like you would vegetables. But like many gardening-adjacent pursuits, it’s not that simple. Mushrooms, like all fungi, need just three things to grow: spores, a food source, and a humid environment.

However, because mushrooms are incredibly sensitive to light, heat, and contamination, it doesn’t take much to create a prohibitive growing environment. And then there’s the question of whether it’s possible to simulate the critical symbiotic relationships that many mushrooms, especially more coveted ones like porcinis and chanterelles, must maintain with tree roots to thrive.

I am far from a mycology expert, but during the past year, I, a busy full-time-working parent, have engaged in five different attempts to grow mushrooms in my house and backyard: shiitakes on an inoculated log, oysters on a cardboard-enclosed fruiting block, wine caps in spawn buried in bark chips in my garden, oysters from grain spawn in a bucket, and oysters and lion’s manes in a monotub setup.

I laughed, I cried, I made an epic mess of chopped straw in my bathroom, and only two of the five methods succeeded. If you, too, are mushroom-curious and looking to grow your own, here’s what I did—and, in some cases, wish I had done differently.

Also, be sure to check out our guides to mushroom supplements (the functional kind), mushroom gummies, indoor gardening systems, and mushroom gifts.

Which Will Prevail?

Image may contain: Fungus, Plant, Agaric, Mushroom, and Amanita

Method 1: Mushroom Log

Williams Sonoma

Mushroom Log Kit

#Year #Growing #Mushrooms #Badlyapocalypse wow,food and drink,biology

Thanks to BTS member J-Hope, we now have our first look at Samsung’s Galaxy Z Fold 8 Wide in the wild, ahead of the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event.

According to a report from 9to5Google’s Ben Schoon, the singer was filmed using the device during soundcheck footage at a BTS World Tour stop in Paris, with the compiled clips circulating on X. The footage shows J-Hope holding and filming with the device from both front and back angles. The device in the video matches leaked renders of the new wide version of the Galaxy Z Fold 8, which is expected to go head-to-head with the iPhone Ultra Fold later this year.

This Tweet is currently unavailable. It might be loading or has been removed.

The clips show a purple finish, though the phone isn’t shown unfolded, leaving its inner display still unseen. Samsung maintains a marketing partnership with BTS, and 9to5Google suggested the phone was likely supplied to J-Hope through that relationship rather than as an intentional early reveal.

Mashable Light Speed

The device is widely expected to carry the Galaxy Z Fold 8 name, though as we’ve noted, the branding may cause confusion. This version reportedly isn’t a direct successor to last year’s Z Fold 7, with that role instead going to a separate Z Fold 8 Ultra.

In our guide to Galaxy Z Fold 8 Wide leaks, the reported specs point to a 5.5-inch external display, 7.6-inch internal display, Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 chipset, 12GB RAM, and a 4,800mAh battery, alongside a camera setup: 50MP wide, 50MP ultrawide, dual 10MP selfie. This marks a step down from the Z Fold 7’s 200MP main sensor.

Samsung is set to formally unveil the device alongside the Z Fold 8 Ultra, Galaxy Z Flip 8, and new smartwatches at the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event in London.

Mashable will be at Samsung’s London event, so check back on Wednesday for our live blog and the latest Galaxy Unpacked news.

#wide #Galaxy #Fold #revealed #BTS #member #JHope">

The new, wide Galaxy Z Fold 8 revealed by BTS member J-Hope
Thanks to BTS member J-Hope, we now have our first look at Samsung’s Galaxy Z Fold 8 Wide in the wild, ahead of the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event.According to a report from 9to5Google’s Ben Schoon, the singer was filmed using the device during soundcheck footage at a BTS World Tour stop in Paris, with the compiled clips circulating on X. The footage shows J-Hope holding and filming with the device from both front and back angles. The device in the video matches leaked renders of the new wide version of the Galaxy Z Fold 8, which is expected to go head-to-head with the iPhone Ultra Fold later this year.

This Tweet is currently unavailable. It might be loading or has been removed.

The clips show a purple finish, though the phone isn’t shown unfolded, leaving its inner display still unseen. Samsung maintains a marketing partnership with BTS, and 9to5Google suggested the phone was likely supplied to J-Hope through that relationship rather than as an intentional early reveal.

Mashable Light Speed

The device is widely expected to carry the Galaxy Z Fold 8 name, though as we’ve noted, the branding may cause confusion. This version reportedly isn’t a direct successor to last year’s Z Fold 7, with that role instead going to a separate Z Fold 8 Ultra.In our guide to Galaxy Z Fold 8 Wide leaks, the reported specs point to a 5.5-inch external display, 7.6-inch internal display, Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 chipset, 12GB RAM, and a 4,800mAh battery, alongside a camera setup: 50MP wide, 50MP ultrawide, dual 10MP selfie. This marks a step down from the Z Fold 7’s 200MP main sensor.
Samsung is set to formally unveil the device alongside the Z Fold 8 Ultra, Galaxy Z Flip 8, and new smartwatches at the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event in London.
SEE ALSO:

Samsung Galaxy Watch Ultra 2 leaks, see the sleek new wearable

Mashable will be at Samsung’s London event, so check back on Wednesday for our live blog and the latest Galaxy Unpacked news.

#wide #Galaxy #Fold #revealed #BTS #member #JHope

mwasimuddin125 0

Thanks to BTS member J-Hope, we now have our first look at Samsung’s Galaxy Z Fold 8 Wide in the wild, ahead of the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event.
According to a report from 9to5Google’s Ben Schoon, the singer was filmed using the device during soundcheck footage at a BTS World Tour stop in Paris, with the compiled clips circulating on X. The footage shows J-Hope holding and filming with the device from both front and back angles. The device in the video matches leaked renders of the new wide version of the Galaxy Z Fold 8, which is expected to go head-to-head with the iPhone Ultra Fold later this year.
This Tweet is currently unavailable. It might be loading or has been removed.

The clips show a purple finish, though the phone isn’t shown unfolded, leaving its inner display still unseen. Samsung maintains a marketing partnership with BTS, and 9to5Google suggested the phone was likely supplied to J-Hope through that relationship rather than as an intentional early reveal.

Mashable Light Speed

The device is widely expected to carry the Galaxy Z Fold 8 name, though as we’ve noted, the branding may cause confusion. This version reportedly isn’t a direct successor to last year’s Z Fold 7, with that role instead going to a separate Z Fold 8 Ultra.
In our guide to Galaxy Z Fold 8 Wide leaks, the reported specs point to a 5.5-inch external display, 7.6-inch internal display, Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5 chipset, 12GB RAM, and a 4,800mAh battery, alongside a camera setup: 50MP wide, 50MP ultrawide, dual 10MP selfie. This marks a step down from the Z Fold 7’s 200MP main sensor.

Samsung is set to formally unveil the device alongside the Z Fold 8 Ultra, Galaxy Z Flip 8, and new smartwatches at the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event in London.
SEE ALSO: Samsung Galaxy Watch Ultra 2 leaks, see the sleek new wearable

Mashable will be at Samsung’s London event, so check back on Wednesday for our live blog and the latest Galaxy Unpacked news.

#wide #Galaxy #Fold #revealed #BTS #member #JHope">The new, wide Galaxy Z Fold 8 revealed by BTS member J-Hope

Thanks to BTS member J-Hope, we now have our first look at Samsung’s Galaxy Z Fold 8 Wide in the wild, ahead of the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event.

This Tweet is currently unavailable. It might be loading or has been removed.

Mashable Light Speed

Samsung is set to formally unveil the device alongside the Z Fold 8 Ultra, Galaxy Z Flip 8, and new smartwatches at the July 22 Galaxy Unpacked event in London.

Mashable will be at Samsung’s London event, so check back on Wednesday for our live blog and the latest Galaxy Unpacked news.

#wide #Galaxy #Fold #revealed #BTS #member #JHope

Challenging Thermal Symmetry

Dior Renews Partnership With UNESCO to Support Female Students

Ethereum’s comeback strategy — Foundation exec reveals what’s next

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