×
Metamaterial Breaks Thermal Symmetry, Enables One-Way Heat Emission

Metamaterial Breaks Thermal Symmetry, Enables One-Way Heat Emission

Researchers have found that a metamaterial, a stack of InGaAs semiconductor layers, can emit significantly more mid-infrared radiation than it absorbs. When this sample was heated (~540 K) in a 5-tesla magnetic field, it exhibited a record nonreciprocity of 0.43 (about twice the previous best). In other words, it strongly violates Kirchhoff’s law and forces heat to flow one way. This demonstration of strong nonreciprocal thermal emission could enable devices like one-way thermal diodes and improve technologies like solar thermophotovoltaics and heat management.

According to the published study, the new device is made from five ultra-thin layers of a semiconductor called indium gallium arsenide, each 440 nanometers thick. The layers were gradually doped with more electrons as they went deeper and were placed on a silicon base. The researchers then heated the material to about 512°F and applied a strong magnetic field of 5 teslas. Under these conditions, the material emitted 43% more infrared light in one direction than it absorbed—a strong sign of nonreciprocity. This effect was about twice as strong as in earlier studies and worked across many angles and infrared wavelengths (13 to 23 microns).

By providing a one-way flow of heat, the metamaterial would serve as a thermal transistor or diode. It could enhance solar thermophotovoltaics by sending waste heat to energy-harvesting cells and aid in controlling heat in sensing and electronics. It has potential implications for energy harvesting, thermal control, and new heat devices

Challenging Thermal Symmetry

Kirchhoff’s law of thermal radiation (1860) states that at thermal equilibrium, a material’s emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength and angle. Practically, this reciprocity means a surface that strongly emits infrared will absorb it equally well.

Breaking this symmetry requires violating time-reversal symmetry, such as by applying a magnetic field to a magneto-optical material. For example, a 2023 study showed that a single layer of indium arsenide (InAs) in a ~1 T magnetic field could produce nonreciprocal thermal emission. However, that effect was extremely weak and worked only at specific wavelengths and angles. Till now, magneto-optical designs have achieved only tiny emission–absorption imbalances under very restrictive conditions. The new achievement demonstrates that man-made materials can produce one-way thermal emitters.

 

Source link
#Metamaterial #Breaks #Thermal #Symmetry #Enables #OneWay #Heat #Emission

Amazon’s Prime Day is now in its third day, and whether you’re looking for a new pair of wireless earbuds or a smartwatch, there’s a good chance you’ll find a discount. The Apple Watch Series 11 has already dropped to a new low price, while the AirPods Pro 3 are discounted to $179. With Apple recently raising prices on several Macs and iPads, now may be one of the last chances to pick up the company’s hardware before those increases fully take effect. Some retailers are still offering discounts based on the previous list prices, making today’s deals even better. With that in mind, we’ve added several new tablet and laptop deals below.

Below are the best Apple deals currently available. Some are exclusive to Prime Day, while others are simply great discounts we think are worth highlighting. We’ll continue updating this guide throughout Prime Day, highlighting more deals as they become available.

Earbud and headphone deals

Update, June 25th: Adjusted prices and availability.

#Apple #deals #Prime #DayApple,Deals,Gadgets,Prime Day,Tech,Verge Shopping">The best Apple deals you can get during Prime DayAmazon’s Prime Day is now in its third day, and whether you’re looking for a new pair of wireless earbuds or a smartwatch, there’s a good chance you’ll find a discount. The Apple Watch Series 11 has already dropped to a new low price, while the AirPods Pro 3 are discounted to 9. With Apple recently raising prices on several Macs and iPads, now may be one of the last chances to pick up the company’s hardware before those increases fully take effect. Some retailers are still offering discounts based on the previous list prices, making today’s deals even better. With that in mind, we’ve added several new tablet and laptop deals below.Below are the best Apple deals currently available. Some are exclusive to Prime Day, while others are simply great discounts we think are worth highlighting. We’ll continue updating this guide throughout Prime Day, highlighting more deals as they become available.Earbud and headphone dealsUpdate, June 25th: Adjusted prices and availability.#Apple #deals #Prime #DayApple,Deals,Gadgets,Prime Day,Tech,Verge Shopping

Apple Watch Series 11 has already dropped to a new low price, while the AirPods Pro 3 are discounted to $179. With Apple recently raising prices on several Macs and iPads, now may be one of the last chances to pick up the company’s hardware before those increases fully take effect. Some retailers are still offering discounts based on the previous list prices, making today’s deals even better. With that in mind, we’ve added several new tablet and laptop deals below.

Below are the best Apple deals currently available. Some are exclusive to Prime Day, while others are simply great discounts we think are worth highlighting. We’ll continue updating this guide throughout Prime Day, highlighting more deals as they become available.

Earbud and headphone deals

Update, June 25th: Adjusted prices and availability.

#Apple #deals #Prime #DayApple,Deals,Gadgets,Prime Day,Tech,Verge Shopping">The best Apple deals you can get during Prime Day

Amazon’s Prime Day is now in its third day, and whether you’re looking for a new pair of wireless earbuds or a smartwatch, there’s a good chance you’ll find a discount. The Apple Watch Series 11 has already dropped to a new low price, while the AirPods Pro 3 are discounted to $179. With Apple recently raising prices on several Macs and iPads, now may be one of the last chances to pick up the company’s hardware before those increases fully take effect. Some retailers are still offering discounts based on the previous list prices, making today’s deals even better. With that in mind, we’ve added several new tablet and laptop deals below.

Below are the best Apple deals currently available. Some are exclusive to Prime Day, while others are simply great discounts we think are worth highlighting. We’ll continue updating this guide throughout Prime Day, highlighting more deals as they become available.

Earbud and headphone deals

Update, June 25th: Adjusted prices and availability.

#Apple #deals #Prime #DayApple,Deals,Gadgets,Prime Day,Tech,Verge Shopping
OpenAI’s release of its newest model, GPT 5.6, reportedly won’t be like its previous releases. Instead of distributing it to the public, the company plans to share it only with a select group of close partners because the Trump administration told it to, reports The Information.

At a meeting this week, CEO Sam Altman reportedly told staff that the government would be “approving access customer by customer” during a preview period. Altman reportedly added that if the limited release goes well, OpenAI hopes to follow with a general, broader release a “couple of weeks later.”

In other words, the Trump administration appears to be pressuring OpenAI to do what Anthropic is already voluntarily doing: keeping its most powerful AI models under wraps.

According to The Information, OpenAI’s new model is not only being reviewed by the administration, but its staffers also “worked closely” with the government on the upcoming release. The agencies that reportedly asked for a limited release were the Office of the National Cyber Director and the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

The Trump administration — which originally positioned itself as taking a “hands off” approach to AI — has in recent months pushed for federal oversight of new models. Earlier this month, Trump signed an executive order directing certain AI companies to voluntarily submit new models to the government for testing and evaluation before releasing them publicly. 

Earlier this year, Anthropic sparked no small amount of controversy when it announced that its new frontier cyber model, Claude Mythos, would only be released to a small coterie of partners through a program called Project Glasswing. Anthropic argued that its model was simply too powerful and could, in the wrong hands, cause more harm than good. Observers have since debated whether Anthropic’s rhetoric is a mere marketing gimmick or a legitimate attempt to keep a powerful model from being misused. The answer may be somewhere in between.

Cybercriminals have used automated tools for a very long time, but in the age of generative AI, they now have more digital ammunition than ever before. LLMs have proven adept at writing malware, and some can even execute entire ransomware attacks autonomously.

The specific concern with frontier cyber tools like Mythos is that they are ostensibly capable of both identifying and exploiting software vulnerabilities at speeds that no human analyst could match. Since many software systems contain hidden bugs that act as entry points into enterprise networks, this obviously poses an obvious and significant problem for any organization running complex software infrastructure. That said, since these models remain closed to the public, it’s difficult to tell just how much of a threat they really are.

When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.

#White #House #OpenAI #slow #roll #release #model #safety #concerns #TechCrunchAnthropic,Mythos,OpenAI,sam altman,Trump">The White House is asking OpenAI to slow roll the release of its new model over safety concerns | TechCrunch
OpenAI’s release of its newest model, GPT 5.6, reportedly won’t be like its previous releases. Instead of distributing it to the public, the company plans to share it only with a select group of close partners because the Trump administration told it to, reports The Information.

At a meeting this week, CEO Sam Altman reportedly told staff that the government would be “approving access customer by customer” during a preview period. Altman reportedly added that if the limited release goes well, OpenAI hopes to follow with a general, broader release a “couple of weeks later.”







In other words, the Trump administration appears to be pressuring OpenAI to do what Anthropic is already voluntarily doing: keeping its most powerful AI models under wraps.

According to The Information, OpenAI’s new model is not only being reviewed by the administration, but its staffers also “worked closely” with the government on the upcoming release. The agencies that reportedly asked for a limited release were the Office of the National Cyber Director and the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

The Trump administration — which originally positioned itself as taking a “hands off” approach to AI — has in recent months pushed for federal oversight of new models. Earlier this month, Trump signed an executive order directing certain AI companies to voluntarily submit new models to the government for testing and evaluation before releasing them publicly. 

Earlier this year, Anthropic sparked no small amount of controversy when it announced that its new frontier cyber model, Claude Mythos, would only be released to a small coterie of partners through a program called Project Glasswing. Anthropic argued that its model was simply too powerful and could, in the wrong hands, cause more harm than good. Observers have since debated whether Anthropic’s rhetoric is a mere marketing gimmick or a legitimate attempt to keep a powerful model from being misused. The answer may be somewhere in between.

Cybercriminals have used automated tools for a very long time, but in the age of generative AI, they now have more digital ammunition than ever before. LLMs have proven adept at writing malware, and some can even execute entire ransomware attacks autonomously.


The specific concern with frontier cyber tools like Mythos is that they are ostensibly capable of both identifying and exploiting software vulnerabilities at speeds that no human analyst could match. Since many software systems contain hidden bugs that act as entry points into enterprise networks, this obviously poses an obvious and significant problem for any organization running complex software infrastructure. That said, since these models remain closed to the public, it’s difficult to tell just how much of a threat they really are.
When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.#White #House #OpenAI #slow #roll #release #model #safety #concerns #TechCrunchAnthropic,Mythos,OpenAI,sam altman,Trump

reports The Information.

At a meeting this week, CEO Sam Altman reportedly told staff that the government would be “approving access customer by customer” during a preview period. Altman reportedly added that if the limited release goes well, OpenAI hopes to follow with a general, broader release a “couple of weeks later.”

In other words, the Trump administration appears to be pressuring OpenAI to do what Anthropic is already voluntarily doing: keeping its most powerful AI models under wraps.

According to The Information, OpenAI’s new model is not only being reviewed by the administration, but its staffers also “worked closely” with the government on the upcoming release. The agencies that reportedly asked for a limited release were the Office of the National Cyber Director and the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

The Trump administration — which originally positioned itself as taking a “hands off” approach to AI — has in recent months pushed for federal oversight of new models. Earlier this month, Trump signed an executive order directing certain AI companies to voluntarily submit new models to the government for testing and evaluation before releasing them publicly. 

Earlier this year, Anthropic sparked no small amount of controversy when it announced that its new frontier cyber model, Claude Mythos, would only be released to a small coterie of partners through a program called Project Glasswing. Anthropic argued that its model was simply too powerful and could, in the wrong hands, cause more harm than good. Observers have since debated whether Anthropic’s rhetoric is a mere marketing gimmick or a legitimate attempt to keep a powerful model from being misused. The answer may be somewhere in between.

Cybercriminals have used automated tools for a very long time, but in the age of generative AI, they now have more digital ammunition than ever before. LLMs have proven adept at writing malware, and some can even execute entire ransomware attacks autonomously.

The specific concern with frontier cyber tools like Mythos is that they are ostensibly capable of both identifying and exploiting software vulnerabilities at speeds that no human analyst could match. Since many software systems contain hidden bugs that act as entry points into enterprise networks, this obviously poses an obvious and significant problem for any organization running complex software infrastructure. That said, since these models remain closed to the public, it’s difficult to tell just how much of a threat they really are.

When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.

#White #House #OpenAI #slow #roll #release #model #safety #concerns #TechCrunchAnthropic,Mythos,OpenAI,sam altman,Trump">The White House is asking OpenAI to slow roll the release of its new model over safety concerns | TechCrunch

OpenAI’s release of its newest model, GPT 5.6, reportedly won’t be like its previous releases. Instead of distributing it to the public, the company plans to share it only with a select group of close partners because the Trump administration told it to, reports The Information.

At a meeting this week, CEO Sam Altman reportedly told staff that the government would be “approving access customer by customer” during a preview period. Altman reportedly added that if the limited release goes well, OpenAI hopes to follow with a general, broader release a “couple of weeks later.”

In other words, the Trump administration appears to be pressuring OpenAI to do what Anthropic is already voluntarily doing: keeping its most powerful AI models under wraps.

According to The Information, OpenAI’s new model is not only being reviewed by the administration, but its staffers also “worked closely” with the government on the upcoming release. The agencies that reportedly asked for a limited release were the Office of the National Cyber Director and the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

The Trump administration — which originally positioned itself as taking a “hands off” approach to AI — has in recent months pushed for federal oversight of new models. Earlier this month, Trump signed an executive order directing certain AI companies to voluntarily submit new models to the government for testing and evaluation before releasing them publicly. 

Earlier this year, Anthropic sparked no small amount of controversy when it announced that its new frontier cyber model, Claude Mythos, would only be released to a small coterie of partners through a program called Project Glasswing. Anthropic argued that its model was simply too powerful and could, in the wrong hands, cause more harm than good. Observers have since debated whether Anthropic’s rhetoric is a mere marketing gimmick or a legitimate attempt to keep a powerful model from being misused. The answer may be somewhere in between.

Cybercriminals have used automated tools for a very long time, but in the age of generative AI, they now have more digital ammunition than ever before. LLMs have proven adept at writing malware, and some can even execute entire ransomware attacks autonomously.

The specific concern with frontier cyber tools like Mythos is that they are ostensibly capable of both identifying and exploiting software vulnerabilities at speeds that no human analyst could match. Since many software systems contain hidden bugs that act as entry points into enterprise networks, this obviously poses an obvious and significant problem for any organization running complex software infrastructure. That said, since these models remain closed to the public, it’s difficult to tell just how much of a threat they really are.

When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.

#White #House #OpenAI #slow #roll #release #model #safety #concerns #TechCrunchAnthropic,Mythos,OpenAI,sam altman,Trump

Post Comment