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Why Tehran Is Running Out of Water

Why Tehran Is Running Out of Water

This story originally appeared on Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists and is part of the Climate Desk collaboration.

During the summer of 2025, Iran experienced an exceptional heat wave, with daytime temperatures across several regions, including Tehran, approaching 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit) and forcing the temporary closure of public offices and banks. During this period, major reservoirs supplying the Tehran region reached record-low levels, and water supply systems came under acute strain. By early November, the reservoir behind Amir Kabir Dam, a main source of drinking water for Tehran, had dropped to about 8 percent of its capacity. The present crisis reflects not only this summer’s extreme heat but also several consecutive years of reduced precipitation and ongoing drought conditions across Iran. As a result, the capital of Iran is now facing a potential “Day Zero” when taps could run dry.

The drought quickly disrupted Tehran’s urban systems. With dry soils and high evaporation, rivers and wetlands shrank. Falling reservoir levels led to disruptions in hydropower generation, and water shortages prompted strict saving measures across parts of the capital. Amid these escalating pressures, officials warned that the capital city may even have to be evacuated if water supplies fail to recover. In November, President Masoud Pezeshkian said the capital would have to be moved. These cascading impacts exposed how vulnerable Tehran’s infrastructure, economy, and communities have become under compounding heat and drought stress.

These cascading impacts stem from a prolonged shortage of precipitation in recent years (Figure 1a). Precipitation around Tehran typically peaks between December and April, replenishing reservoirs behind dams before the onset of the dry summer. Over the past five years, precipitation during this wet period has remained consistently below the long-term climatological baseline, with the 2024-25 season showing the most pronounced and prolonged deficit across the entire rainy season. When such prolonged dryness was followed by an exceptionally hot summer, it amplified hydrological stress across the region.

Seasonal cycle of precipitation averaged over a 1°×1° region centered on Tehran, based on GPM IMERG Final Run (V07B) dataset: monthly means for 2000/01–2019/20 (black), 2020/21–2024/25 (blue) and 2024/25 (red).

Illustration: Yeonwoo Choi and Elfatih A.B. Eltahir/Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

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                                                            TL;DR: Score a free iPhone 17e when signing up for a T-Mobile plan with no trade-in required. Alternatively, you can get the iPhone 17 for free from T-Mobile when signing up for an Experience More plan and trading in an eligible device.
In the mobile world, the word “free” is usually followed by a list of caveats that make you wish you never started looking for a deal. You usually need to sign up for the most expensive plan or trade-in a premium phone to get your hands on what you really want. But that’s not the case with the latest T-Mobile offer.T-Mobile is offering a rare deal on the newly-released Apple iPhone 17e. For a limited time, you can pick up this A19-powered device for free by simply opening a new line. You’ll need to activate a new line on T-Mobile’s Experience Beyond or Experience More plans to get the iPhone 17e for free. The phone’s full retail price is covered via 24 monthly bill credits, and since you aren’t trading in your old phone, you can keep it as a backup, give it to a kid, or sell it on a third-party site to actually make money on this deal. Mashable’s Stan Shroeder got his hands on the iPhone 17e and said “The combination of having Apple’s latest chip and a decent amount of storage means this phone will be relevant for at least four to five years.” That’s an impressive lifespan for a budget-friendly phone, particularly when it’s free.
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If you need something a little more powerful, you can also pick up the iPhone 17 for free from T-Mobile when signing on for 24 months of an Experience More plan and trading in an eligible phone. That gets you unthrottled 5G data, 4K streaming, and enough international roaming for even the most adventurous of travellers.
        
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It’s important to note that T-Mobile will charge taxes on these free deals and a  device connection fee. Is this really “free” when you need to sign up to something or pay an upfront fee? It’s a gray area — we’re doing our best, OK?Score an iPhone 17 for free this week with T-Mobile.

                    
                                            
                            
                        
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free iPhone 17e when signing up for a T-Mobile plan with no trade-in required. Alternatively, you can get the iPhone 17 for free from T-Mobile when signing up for an Experience More plan and trading in an eligible device.


In the mobile world, the word “free” is usually followed by a list of caveats that make you wish you never started looking for a deal. You usually need to sign up for the most expensive plan or trade-in a premium phone to get your hands on what you really want. But that’s not the case with the latest T-Mobile offer.

T-Mobile is offering a rare deal on the newly-released Apple iPhone 17e. For a limited time, you can pick up this A19-powered device for free by simply opening a new line.

You’ll need to activate a new line on T-Mobile’s Experience Beyond or Experience More plans to get the iPhone 17e for free. The phone’s full retail price is covered via 24 monthly bill credits, and since you aren’t trading in your old phone, you can keep it as a backup, give it to a kid, or sell it on a third-party site to actually make money on this deal.

Mashable’s Stan Shroeder got his hands on the iPhone 17e and said “The combination of having Apple’s latest chip and a decent amount of storage means this phone will be relevant for at least four to five years.” That’s an impressive lifespan for a budget-friendly phone, particularly when it’s free.

If you need something a little more powerful, you can also pick up the iPhone 17 for free from T-Mobile when signing on for 24 months of an Experience More plan and trading in an eligible phone. That gets you unthrottled 5G data, 4K streaming, and enough international roaming for even the most adventurous of travellers.

It’s important to note that T-Mobile will charge taxes on these free deals and a $35 device connection fee. Is this really “free” when you need to sign up to something or pay an upfront fee? It’s a gray area — we’re doing our best, OK?

Score an iPhone 17 for free this week with T-Mobile.

#TMobile #giving #Apple #iPhone #free #claim">T-Mobile is giving away the Apple iPhone 17 for free — how to claim

TL;DR: Score a free iPhone 17e when signing up for a T-Mobile plan with no trade-in required. Alternatively, you can get the iPhone 17 for free from T-Mobile when signing up for an Experience More plan and trading in an eligible device.


In the mobile world, the word “free” is usually followed by a list of caveats that make you wish you never started looking for a deal. You usually need to sign up for the most expensive plan or trade-in a premium phone to get your hands on what you really want. But that’s not the case with the latest T-Mobile offer.

T-Mobile is offering a rare deal on the newly-released Apple iPhone 17e. For a limited time, you can pick up this A19-powered device for free by simply opening a new line.

You’ll need to activate a new line on T-Mobile’s Experience Beyond or Experience More plans to get the iPhone 17e for free. The phone’s full retail price is covered via 24 monthly bill credits, and since you aren’t trading in your old phone, you can keep it as a backup, give it to a kid, or sell it on a third-party site to actually make money on this deal.

Mashable’s Stan Shroeder got his hands on the iPhone 17e and said “The combination of having Apple’s latest chip and a decent amount of storage means this phone will be relevant for at least four to five years.” That’s an impressive lifespan for a budget-friendly phone, particularly when it’s free.

If you need something a little more powerful, you can also pick up the iPhone 17 for free from T-Mobile when signing on for 24 months of an Experience More plan and trading in an eligible phone. That gets you unthrottled 5G data, 4K streaming, and enough international roaming for even the most adventurous of travellers.

It’s important to note that T-Mobile will charge taxes on these free deals and a $35 device connection fee. Is this really “free” when you need to sign up to something or pay an upfront fee? It’s a gray area — we’re doing our best, OK?

Score an iPhone 17 for free this week with T-Mobile.

#TMobile #giving #Apple #iPhone #free #claim

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